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| Cancer Vaccines: New Promise from Cuba |
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| Cancers is one of the most lethal groups of diseases known to humankind. Statistics from the American Cancer Society has estimated that up to 7.6 million people have died in 2007 due to cancer and cancer-related symptoms. Abnormalities in genetic material are the major cause of cancer. Nearly all are caused by abnormalities either due to the effects of carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke, radiation, chemicals, or infectious agents, or randomly acquired through errors in DNA replication and inherited genes. Cancers are generally treatable, depending on its type, location and stage, and is usually treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy upon discovery. Although cancers are commonly treatable, their prognosis are poor. Most specialists are now even questioning the use of chemotherapy since the quality of life versus survival is poor. | ||||||||||||
With greater inroads forged through research and development, treatments have been becoming more specific and efficent in dealing with various types of cancer. There has been significant progress in the development of targeted therapy drugs that act specifically on detectable molecular abnormalities in certain tumors, and which minimize damage to normal cells. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is one of many chemical messengers in the blood that controls cell division and growth. The EGF mechanism is overactive in the majority of cancer patients, resulting in the formations of tumours. EGF and TGF? normally binds to the extracellular domain of its target receptor (EGFR/HER-1) in the cell membrane, initiating transmission signals to the nucleus, directing cells to proliferate. In cancer cells, this pathway may become unregulated, resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation. The overexpression Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGF-R) has become one of the most attractive targets for the design of new anticancer drugs. | ||||||||||||
Despite
the common use of the term vaccines, cancer vaccines can be determined
as being either intended to treat existing cancers (therapeutic cancer
vaccines) or to prevent the development of cancer (prophylactic cancer
vaccines). Therapeutic vaccines, which are administered to cancer patients,
are designed to treat cancer by stimulating the immune system to recognize
and attack cancer cells without harming normal cells. Prophylactic vaccines,
on the other hand, are given to healthy individuals to stimulate the
immune system to prevent cancer by attack cancer-causing agents such
as viruses and other molecules.
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| The EGF Cancer Vaccine (EGF-CV) has been stated to be one of the most promising products for the treatment of cancer. The vaccine has been lauded as possibly the world’s most effective cancer vaccine developed thus far, and is specific for patients with solid tumours, such as lung cancer, breast, bladder, head & neck, ovarian and prostate cancer. The mechanism of the EGF-CV lies in stimulating the body’s immune system to reduce the amount of EGF in the blood, thus causing cancerous tumors to slow down growth and in some instances stop growth. Clinical trials conducted thus far on patients with lung cancer, have shown that the EGF-CV increases survival rates significantly, while increasing quality of life compared to standard chemotherapy. | ||||||||||||
How
is a Malaysian company able to obtain such an optimal product, and what
more, is currently in the motions of beginning the largest clinical
trials in the country? This month, we were able to speak to the brains
behind the company, Dato’ Mukhriz bin Tun Mahathir, founder and
Chairman of Bioven, Dr W. Shermal Perera, CEO and Chief Scientist of
Bioven and Johan Indot, co - founder of the Company.
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| “I believe we were able to take advantage of the current socio-political situation to obtain the rights to the technology,” said Dato' Mukhriz bin Tun Mahathir. “Due to the sanctions being imposed on the country by the US, we were able to come in at the right time to offer our services, and help such cutting-edge technology from Cuba reach the outside market.” “With our good relations with the Cuban government, we took the decision to stick our neck out on this,” added Johan. “We obtained the world rights to the vaccine and invested accordingly. For such a potential blockbuster product will allow us to take on the big pharma boys.” | |||||||||||
Dato’
Mukhriz bin Tun Mahathir, Dr. Shermal Perera, and Mr. Johan Indot,
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Currently,
Bioven owns the rights for the EGF-CV in South East Asia, European Union,
Australia, New Zealand, Japan and OIC countries. While, Phase II clinical
trials have been completed in Cuba with impeccable results, clinical
trials have begun in Malaysia and Europe to justify its use. Bioven
has been in collaboration with the Clinical Research Center (CRC) of
the Ministry of Health and BiotechCorp in setting up the largest sets
of clinical trials for a breakthrough product in the country on record.
According to CEO, Dr. Shermal Perera, both parties have responded to the project with great enthusiasm and gumption to see the trials through. Much support have been provided, and despite little experience in anything of this magnitude, both organisations have been equally big-sighted. “They (BiotechCorp and CRC) have been very much gung-ho of our progress,” he quipped. “As pioneers in the field of clinical trials, the enthusiasm and support is overwhelming. We hope to establish ourselves as a model, as we have a point to prove in playing the game and getting ourselves going.” | ||||||||||||
Bioven
has just completed their training with the oncology department at most
of the 12 collaborating hospitals, and is raring to go. The company
is currently in the phase of identifying suitable patients for the clinical
trials, and is provided much help from the Cuban government. Here to
aid Bioven in overseeing the structuring of clinical trials and to ensure
objectivity and patient rights is Dr. Soraida Acosta Brooks. She is
a professor in oncology in Cuba, and a senior official in the Cuban
Ministry of Health.
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Dr.
Shermal with Dr. Soraida Brooks
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“My
role here in Malaysia, is in part, an assessor and an enabler,”
she claims. “I am not involved as a part of Bioven, but as an
external source provided the government in Havana with the task to guarantee
patient rights and fine-tune the coordinations between the various parties
involved (in the clinical trials).”
An important task indeed, as she goes around the country sharing her experiences with various oncologists and hospitals on Good Clinical Practices (GCP) in preparation for European clinical trial auditors. Despite the warm response from doctors in the country, Dr. Soraida believes that in certain hospitals there is a further need to GCP training in order to meet the international standards. However, she was very impressed with the medical competencies in Malaysia saying that it is of high standards.. “Despite the uphill
task that we are facing, we can only strive forward, as we have a
point to prove (to the world),” said Dato' Mukhriz. “We
are sitting on a potential breakthrough, and are committed in establishing
the country as a center for clinical trial research. Bioven is not
too focused on searching for grants, though it may be a bonus. But
we keep pushing on, as there is a need to, and hope it serves as a
wake up call for the industry on our own potential.” | ||||||||||||
| By K. C. Liew for MABIC | ||||||||||||
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